Wilhelm lorenz



(No Model.)

W. LORENZ.

PRIMER POR GUN CARTRIDGES.

No. 431,601. Patented July 8, 1890.

UNITED STATES Arrivi FFICE.

VILHELM LORENZ, OF CARLSRUHE, BADEN, GERMANY.

PRIMER FOR GUN-CARTRIDGES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 431,601, dated J uly'S, 1890. Application letl November 15, 1888. Serial No. 290,871. (No model.) Patented in Germany April l0, 1889, No. 46,698.

To @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, VILHELM LORENZ, residing at Carlsruhe, Grand Duchy of Baden, in the Empire of Germany, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Prim ers for Gun-Cartridges, (for which I have obtained a pat-ent in Germany, No. 46,698, dated April 10, 1889,) of which the following` is a Specification.

I have devised and wroughtout an improvement in priming contrivances for gun-cartridges, in which the primer is inclosed in a screw-threaded box or cover adapted to be screwed in and out of position in the cup of the cartridge, and provided with a tapering lengthening piece, which I term an obstruction-tube, with its smaller end toward the cartridge. A corresponding conical bore is produced in the bottom or front of the cup of the cartridge-case, and on applying the primer the tight fit of the tapering portion serves for the protection of the cup against the passage of the gases rearward. At the screwing-in of this cover the tubular lengthening piece will bear tightly against the inner sides of the bore of the bottom of the cartridge-cup, and as the explosion of the powder-charge pro- .duces a strong pressure of gas this tubular piece will be expanded and pressed still more closely against the inner sides of the bore. This will be the more tight the higher the pressure of the explosion-gas rises. This obstruction-tube is more especially important for large guns. In such the very high pressure of the gas would penetrate through the spaces along the screw-threads of the cover and the cup, and thus would not only foul the cup of the cartridge and its thread, so that an exchange of the used cover for a new one with fresh cap-primer would soon be difficult and finally impossible, but it would foul also the looking and firing mechanisms, so as to wholly prevent the charging of the gun. A special advantage of this obstruction-tube is its forming an entirely-metallic protection without applying any other packing materials. The lengthening piece or obstructiontube may be filled with a charge of power or of othersuitable explosive material, and serve as a priming-tube.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification and represent several examples of such tubular lengthening pieces.

All the figures are central longitudinal sections.

Referring to Figure 1, Ct is the cap-primer containing fulminate dii, and d is the capcover which can be screwed in and out of position, the anvil being made solid with it, and With the obstruction-tube 7L also made solid with it. This tube h fits closely into the conical tube 7c of the front portion l of the cup. The tube 7L is filled with fine powder fm., and its front end is closed by a cap n. Before receiving my primer into the cartridge-shell the front cap n is removed. At the explosion of the charge of the cartridge the highly-expanded gases entering the tube 7L tend to expand the walls of the saine and press them closely to the inner sides of the hole, so that a thorough check or obstruction to gas will be obtained.

The charging of the obstruction-tube, like the charging of any other primer, is eminently useful. The priming-flash of the cap inflames the fine explosive material contained in this tube, and this produces a larger flash of fire, which energetically penetrates into and rapidly and uniformly inlames the coarsegrained charge of the cartridge. An importantpoint in such priming contrivances,which can be screwed in and out of position, consists in forming the protecting bottom for the capprimer by a special protection-cap e2, of which the outer projecting rim e3 is placed in a corresponding recess of the cover' d. There is left some play between the outer bottom e4 and the base of the cap-primer a, in order to obtain a greater safety against any accidental pressure against the bottom c4, and whereby the latter might suffer a deformation which might produce an accidental explosion of the cap-primer and. therefore of the cartridge.

Modifications may be made by any good mechanic Without departing from the principle or sacrificing the advantages of the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a modification. In all the cases I have made the obstruction-tube h solid, or in one with the anvil z'. In this form IOC I have connected it by screw-threads o to the cover d. The whole can be screwed in and out of position. like the form of the invention i'irst shown.

Fig. 3 shows another form. In this the ebstruction-tube 7L is screwed into the cover d by means of screw-threads o, provided near the rear end of the tube, and corresponding internal screw-threads provided near the bottom of the cover d. A separate cap-primer a is applied in the strong closing part or bottom 7L of the obstruction-tube.

Fig. 4 shows a modiiication in which the obstruction-tube z/ is inclosed in a tubular conical'extension d of the cover d. By virtue of the conical shape of the walls of h and d fitting tightly together the tube 7L and the anvil /L' are retained in position, and there can be no displacing of the parts by the pushing forward of the cap-primer by the action ot' the striking-bolt. Any displacement rearward is prevented by the flanged rim h2. In this arrangement the explosive gases are tending to expand both the tubes, pressing` 7L outward against d and pressing both together outward against the inclosing-surfaces l of the cup of the cartridge.

Fig. 5 shows another form of such obstruction-tube 7L, fitted in a cover d, which latter extends forward to a smaller extent. The tube 7L is provided with a strong bottom h, with anvil t therein, and with capprimer a, similar to the arrangement shown in Fig. 3. In Fig. 5, as 1n Figs. l, 2, and 3, the tube 7L fits closely into the hole 7i: ot the bottom of the cup. A short conical extension d holds the tube h and prevents any displacement for* ward or toward the interior of the cartridge. rlhe front of the obstruction-tube may be closed by a plug n', as in Fig. 5, or by means of a pasted-up cap p, made of paper, pasteboard, felt, or other suitable material, applied as in Figs. 2 and 4.

In all the forms of the invention the filling of explosive material may be hard and firm and provided with a bore m', Fig. 4, so that the flash, starting from the cap-primer a, by the friction along the sides ot' this bore will produce in the whole length the iniiammation of the charge m.

The capprimers may be of the common form or have a very strong bottom a', Figs. 2 and Lt. They should be so constructed that no deformation nor striking through may be possible, but that the cap-primer may be `pushed forward like a piston against the anvil and thus be detonated.

Iarts of the invention can be used without the whole. The several forms shown in Figs. 2, 3, a, and 5, and many others, may be used with success. rlhe cap-primers -may be covered by a protecting-cap e', closing above the cover-(Lin the manner shown in Figs. 3 and 5.

I claim as my inventionl. In a primer for gun-cartridges, the tapering tubular front portion 7L, screw-threaded rear portion d', cover n, andan inclosed stiii'lysupported anvil z', in combination with each other and with a cap-primer a fitted in the rear, carrying fulminate ai", and with a protection-cap c covering the rear of the latter, all substantially as herein specilied.

2. A primer having the tapering tubular front portion h, having screw-threads upon its rear portion d, a cap a, inclosing an anvil fi, and containing a fulminate (0*, said tube 7L carrying the powder-filling m, inclosed at its front end by means of the cap or cover n, all arranged substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

3. The primer 7L CZ, havingl the front tubular and tapered and the rear screw-threaded, as shown, in combination with the cup Z of a cartridge-shell, the latter being tapered and screw-threaded to match, all arranged for joint operation substantially as herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at Carlsruhe, this 22d day of August, 1888, in the presence of 4two subscribing witnesses.

VILIIELM LORENZ.

lVitnesses:

FRIEDRICH Lonen, ADOLF LEHNE. 

